Chiari Malformation
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Chiari Malformation
Chiari malformation (CM) refers to a group of conditions caused by a structural issue in the back of the brain or skull. People can be born with this condition, or sometimes acquire it later in life. CMs can cause no symptoms at all, or sometimes can be severe and require surgery.
In CM type 1, the most common type, the back part of the brain (cerebellum) protrudes through the hole in the back of the skull, where the skull meets the spine (foramen magnum). This results in “crowding” or “squeezing” of the brain or brainstem, and can cause symptoms such as:
- Headaches, especially while straining or coughing
- Double vision
- Swallowing difficulty
- Balance problems
- Numbness/tingling in the hands
Many cases of CM are found “incidentally” when an MRI is obtained for any reason. CMs do not always cause symptoms, and in fact, many CMs need no treatment at all.
In cases of CM that need surgery, the typical procedure is a decompression (removal of a small portion of bone in back of the skull) which relieves the compression on the brain and spinal cord. The bone is left off and does not need to be replaced. In some cases, the lining around the brain (dura) is also opened and expanded to allow for more room.
If you have been diagnosed with a Chiari malformation,feel free to contact my office for a consultation or imaging review.
MRI showing Chiari malformation and an associated cavity (syrinx) within the spinal cord.